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| Joint USAF/NOAA Solar Geophysical Activity Report and Forecast SDF Number 211 Issued at 2200Z on 30 Jul 2021 |
| IA. Analysis of Solar Active Regions and Activity from 29/2100Z to
30/2100Z: Solar activity has been at very low levels for the past 24 hours. There are currently 0 numbered sunspot regions on the disk. |
| IB. Solar Activity Forecast Solar activity is expected to be very low on days one, two, and three (31 Jul, 01 Aug, 02 Aug). |
| IIA. Geophysical Activity Summary 29/2100Z to 30/2100Z The geomagnetic field has been at quiet levels for the past 24 hours. Solar wind speed reached a peak of 522 km/s at 30/1220Z. Total IMF reached 5 nT at 30/0355Z. The maximum southward component of Bz reached -3 nT at 30/0629Z. Electrons greater than 2 MeV at geosynchronous orbit reached a peak level of 779 pfu. |
| IIB. Geophysical Activity Forecast The geomagnetic field is expected to be at quiet to unsettled levels on days one and three (31 Jul, 02 Aug) and quiet to active levels on day two (01 Aug). |
Product: 3-Day Forecast - Issued: 2021 Jul 31 0030 UTC
Prepared by the U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA, Space Weather Prediction Center.
Geomagnetic Activity Observation and Forecast
The greatest observed 3 hr Kp over the past 24 hours was 2 (below NOAA Scale levels). The greatest expected 3 hr Kp for Jul 31-Aug 02 2021 is 4 (below NOAA Scale levels).
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Rationale: No G1 (Minor) or greater geomagnetic storms are expected. Unsettled to active levels are expected on 01 Aug due to possible transient influence coupled with a weak CH HSS.
Solar Radiation Activity Observation and Forecast
Solar radiation, as observed by NOAA GOES-16 over the past 24 hours, was below S-scale storm level thresholds.
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Rationale: No S1 (Minor) or greater solar radiation storms are expected. No significant active region activity favorable for radiation storm production is forecast.
Radio Blackout Activity and Forecast
No radio blackouts were observed over the past 24 hours.
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Rationale: No R1 (Minor) or greater radio blackouts are expected. No significant active region flare activity is forecast.
Product: 27 day Space Weather Outlook - Issued: 2021 Jul 26 0122 UTC
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| This plot shows 3-days of 5-minute solar x-ray flux values measured on the SWPC primary and secondary GOES satellites. | The Satellite Environment Plot combines satellite and ground-based data to provide an overview of the current geosynchronous satellite environment. |
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| Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO). | Real-Time Solar Wind data broadcast from NASA's ACE satellite. |
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Instruments on board the NOAA Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite (POES) continually monitor the power flux carried by the protons and electrons that produce aurora in the atmosphere. SWPC has developed a technique that uses the power flux observations obtained during a single pass of the satellite over a polar region (which takes about 25 minutes) to estimate the total power deposited in an entire polar region by these auroral particles. The power input estimate is converted to an auroral activity index that ranges from 1 to 10. |
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The sun is constantly monitored for sun spots and coronal mass ejections. EIT (Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope) images the solar atmosphere at several wavelengths, and therefore, shows solar material at different temperatures. In the images taken at 304 Angstrom the bright material is at 60,000 to 80,000 degrees Kelvin. In those taken at 171 Angstrom, at 1 million degrees. 195 Angstrom images correspond to about 1.5 million Kelvin, 284 Angstrom to 2 million degrees. The hotter the temperature, the higher you look in the solar atmosphere. |
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| This plot shows the Solar Cycle Sun Spot Number Progression. | This plot shows the F10.7cm Radio Flux Progression. |
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| This plot shows the Solar Cycle Ap Progression. | Sunspot Cycle 22, 23, and 24 |
The Solar Cycle is observed by counting the frequency and placement of sunspots visible on the Sun.
Solar minimum occurred in December, 2008.
Solar maximum was expected to occur in May, 2013.
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| Notes: LD means "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. MAG is the visual magnitude of the asteroid on the date of closest approach. |
| Source: Space Weather.com |
| Remembering NEOWISE | |||
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2021 July 31 |
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Explanation: It was just last July. If you could see the stars of the Big Dipper, you could find Comet NEOWISE in your evening sky. After sunset denizens of the north could look for the naked-eye comet below the bowl of that famous celestial kitchen utensil and above the northwestern horizon. The comet looked like a fuzzy 'star' with a tail, though probably not so long a tail as in this memorable skyview recorded from the Czech Republic on July 23th, 2020, near the comet's closest approach to planet Earth. Photographs of C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE) often did show the comet's broad dust tail and fainter but separate bluish ion tail extending farther than the eye could follow. Skygazers around the world were delighted to witness Comet NEOWISE, surprise visitor from the outer Solar System. |
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| High Resolution Image | |||
| Tomorrow’s Image: better than Pluto | |||
| Credit & Copyright: Petr Horalek / Institute of Physics in Opava | |||
| Courtesy of Astronomy Picture of the Day Index - Main Page & Astronomy Picture of the Day |
Space Weather Images and Information (excluded from copyright) courtesy of: NOAA / NWS Space Weather Prediction Center, Mauna Loa Solar Observatory (HAO/NCAR), and SOHO (ESA & NASA).
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Past 7 Days of Astronomy Pic of the DayPowered by Space Weather PHP script by Mike Challis
additions by Martin of Hebrides Weather, Ken True of Saratoga Weather,
Jerry Wilkins of Southeast Lincoln Weather and Jeremy Dyde of Jerbils Weather
Ambient Weather VWS v14.00 Top